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What is Smart-Phone Firmware?
Fixed software programs that internally control various electronic devices or individual hardware parts of these devices (such as mobile phones). They involved very basic low-level operations of the device, without which the device would be completely non-functional. More simple firmwares are usually stored on ROM or OTP/PROM, while more complex firmwares occupy flash memory to allow for updates. Common reasons for updating firmware include fixing bugs or adding features to the device. Doing so usually involves loading a binary image file provided by the manufacturer into the device, according to a specific procedure. More often than not this is meant to be done by the end user.
How is firmware categorized?
Firmware is classified based on where it is stored and the complexity of its functionality. There are three categories:
- Low-level firmware is stored on non-volatile memory chips like ROM, PROM (also known as One-Time Programmable (OTP) memory), and PLA (Programmable Logic Array) architectures. Low-level firmware is considered an integral element of the hardware since it is frequently stored on read-only chips that cannot be changed or updated.
- High-level firmware is used to facilitate upgrades on memory chips. It frequently contains more complicated instructions than low-level, making it more software over hardware.
- Subsystems is a component/unit that is part of a large system i.e. semi-independent. It resembles its device since its microcode is incorporated in flash chips, CPUs, & LCD units, and is comparable to high-level firmware.